Endoscopic perforating vein surgery

Subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery (SEPS) is an important tool in the treatment of advanced chronic venous disease. Some important anatomic and technical points of SEPS are reviewed in this article. Major complications, such as wound infection and breakdown, are uncommon after SEPS, in contras t to the traditional open Litton procedure, which makes SEPS the chosen sur gical treatment. The clinical and hemodynamic improvements are summarized. The patients who seem to benefit most are those with primary valvular insuf ficiency as their underlying pathophysiology.