EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT OF FAT BY NONABSORBABLE FAT (SUCROSE POLYESTER)IN MEALS OR SNACKS AS A FUNCTION OF DIETARY RESTRAINT

The effect of replacement of fat by nonabsorbable far on energy intake and on feelings of hunger and satiety was assessed, in normal-weight dietary-restrained (n = 11), dietary-unrestrained (n = 13) and in post obese dietary-restrained women (n = 12), using 2 experimental designs. First, during breakfast and lunch on 2 sequential weekdays, 23 g of d ietary fat was replaced by 23 g of a nonabsorbable fat. Second, dietar y fat was replaced by a nonabsorbable fat in snacks consumed ad lib du ring a different week. Fat replacement in meals or in snacks did not r esult in changes in hunger and satiety ratings throughout the day. Rep lacement in meals yielded an energy intake reduction of 0.5 MJ/day (no t significant) in dietary-unstrained and in postobese dietary-restrain ed subjects; this reduction included 44% energy intake compensation. I n normal-weight dietary-restrained subjects, energy intake reduction o f 0.7 (p < 0.05) MJ/day was observed; this reduction included 22% ener gy intake compensation. Moreover, far replacement in meals showed a sh ift in macronutrient composition from 35-40%, energy from fat to 31-32 % energy from fat. Replacement in snacks yielded an energy intake redu ction of 0.4-0.5 MJ/day (not significant) in normal-weight dietary-res trained subjects and a reduction of 0.6-0.7 (p < 0.05) MJ/day in dieta ry-unrestrained and in postobese dietary-restrained subjects. In this situation, energy intake from snacks consisted of 48-78% energy from r educed-fat reduced-energy snacks, which implied a replacement of 10-15 g fat by 10-15 g SPE (sucrose polyester) and a shift in macronutrient composition from 35-40 percentage energy from fat to 33-36 percentage energy from fat. These results suggest short-term beneficial effects of fat replacement on energy and fat intake. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc.