Predicting mitral regurgitation following percutaneous mitral valvotomy with the Inoue balloon: Comparison of two echocardiographic scoring systems

Background: Percutaneous balloon mitral valvotomy (PBMV) has become the pro cedure of choice for many patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis. Howeve r, the development of significant mitral regurgitation (MR) remains an infr equent but very important complication. The echocardiographic scoring syste m described by Padial et al. has been successful in predicting the developm ent of severe MR following PBMV using the double balloon technique. Hypothesis: We aimed to assess the applicability of this new scoring system in predicting a significant increase in MR with the Inoue balloon and to c ompare it with the established Wilkins score. Methods: The echocardiograms of 23 patients who had undergone PBMV for symp tomatic mitral stenosis were analyzed retrospectively using both scoring sy stems, and the severity of MR was determined from pre- and postprocedural s tudies. Results: Post PBMV, significant MR occurred in four patients (17%) while se vere MR occurred in two patients (9%). Padial scores [mean (standard error of the mean)] in the group of patients with and without significant MR were 19.1 (0.8)] and [6.0 (0.3)], respectively (p = 0.002), while the Wilkins s core was [7.5 (1.0)1 and [6.4 (0.5)], respectively (p = 0.3). Using 8 as a cutoff point, the sensitivity and specificity of the newer scoring system w as 83 and 100%, respectively, while the sensitivity and specificity of the Wilkins score was 50 and 50%, respectively. The positive predictive value > 8 was 100% (4/4) for the Padial and 25% (1/4) for the Wilkins system. Accor dingly, the negative predictive value <8 was 89% (17/19) for the Padial and 73% (14/19) for the Wilkins system. Conclusion: The newer scoring system is better at reliably identifying pati ents at risk of developing significant MR from PBMV with the Inoue balloon.