MOAB: a spatially explicit, individual-based expert system for creating animal foraging models

We describe the development, structure, and corroboration process of a simu lation model of animal behavior (MOAB). MOAB can create spatially explicit, individual-based animal foraging models. Users can create or replicate het erogeneous landscape patterns, and place resources and individual animals o f a given species on that landscape to simultaneously simulate the foraging behavior of multiple species. The heuristic rules for animal behavior are maintained in a user-modifiable expert system. MOAB can be used to explore hypotheses concerning the influence of landscape pattern on animal movement and foraging behavior. A red fox (Vulpes vulpes L.) foraging and nest pred ation model was created to test MOAB's capabilities. Foxes were simulated f or 30-day periods using both expert system and random movement rules. Home range size, territory formation and other measures of movement were compare d to data from field studies, the random movement simulations, and other av ailable simulation studies. A striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis L.) model al so was developed. The expert system model proved superior to stochastic in respect to territory formation, general movement patterns and home range si ze, (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.