Diagnostic and prognostic implications of the unfolding molecular biology of bone and soft tissue tumours

Sarcomas account for approximately 1-2% of human malignant disease and are relatively uncommon. Histopathological study of these mesenchymal tumours a t light microscopic and ultrastructural level may not always provide an una mbiguous diagnosis. It has become apparent with the identification of incre asing numbers of tumour specific genetic alterations that (cyto)genetic eva luation could become a very helpful adjunct to histopathological assessment in reaching a correct diagnosis. Thus, once the different tumour types can be accurately identified and classified, more meaningful clinical trials c an be initiated to evaluate and select optimal methods of management. In ad dition, an increasing awareness and understanding of the molecular changes associated with, and the genetic variability in, the various tumour groups is beginning to provide important new information about clinical progressio n and prognosis.