Dynamic polymeric electrodes, dynamic computer modeling and dynamic electrochemical sensing

Three techniques, namely cyclic voltammetry, cyclic resistometry, and cycli c gramometry (EQCM) have been used simultaneously to investigate the nature of the anion/cation inclusion/exclusion process occurring at a polypyrrole chloride modified electrode. This online/real time study confirms that the redox reaction is a dynamic process that results in time dependent signals when a polymeric sensor is utilized. Although the use of cyclic voltammetr y does not show distinct cation/anion responses clearly the other two techn iques used enable distinct cation and anion responses to be observed. The c ollected data were saved into several files and introduced to a powerful co mputer as test and training files. Later the output prediction process was carried out. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.