DNA adduct formation and persistence in liver and extrahepatic tissues of northern pike (Esox lucius) following oral exposure to benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[k]fluoranthene and 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole

The formation and persistence of DNA adducts in liver, intestinal mucosa, g ills and brain of juvenile northern pike (Esox lucius) following oral expos ure to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF) and 7H-dibenzo[c, g ]carbazol (DBC) were analysed by P-32-postlabelling. The dosage was 25 mu m ol/kg body weight of each substance, administered on 5 occasions with an in terval of 12-14 days. Sampling was carried out 9 days after the second trea tment, and 9, 16, 33 and 78 days after the fifth treatment. Pikes were also fed with the substances singly for comparison of adduct patterns. A comple x pattern of adducts was detected in all examined tissues from fish treated with the mixture. Total adduct levels were highest in intestine (347 +/- 1 7.4 nmol adducts/mol nucleotides, mean +/- SE), followed by liver (110 +/- 9.3), gills (69 +/- 6) and brain (14 +/- 4.2). In pike treated with BaP alo ne, one major adduct was detected in all examined tissues. This BaP-adduct made up approximately 50% of the total amount of adducts in the brain. Corr esponding values in liver, intestine and gills were 23, 31 and 34%, respect ively. One relatively weak BkF-adduct and at least 10 different DBC-adducts were detected in all analysed tissues. Total adduct level in the intestine declined to 29.4% of the maximum value 78 days after the last exposure, wh ile there was no significant decline in adduct levels in liver, gills or br ain. The results suggest that intestine is more susceptible to adduct forma tion than liver after oral exposure, and that adduct levels in the intestin e represent ongoing or relatively recent exposure. DNA adducts in the other investigated tissues were much more persistent and may therefore accumulat e during long-term exposure. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights rese rved.