A secure quantum identification system combining a classical identification
procedure and quantum key distribution is proposed. Each identification se
quence is always used just once and sequences are "refueled" from a shared
provably secret key transferred through the quantum channel. Two identifica
tion protocols are devised. The first protocol can be applied when legitima
te users have an unjammable public channel at their disposal. The deception
probability is derived for the case of a noisy quantum channel. The second
protocol employs unconditionally secure authentication of information sent
over the public channel, and thus can be applied even in the case when an
adversary is allowed to modify public communications. An experimental reali
zation of a quantum identification system is described.