Using rapidly alternating multiple schedules to assess and treat aberrant behavior in natural settings

The validity of using rapidly alternating multiple schedules (RAMS) as a me thod for assessing and treating aggression and disruptive behavior was demo nstrated by using the naturally occurring reinforcers identified in the RAM S to develop treatments that were experimentally tested. The RAMS consists of a series of 2-minute components in which a naturally occurring consequen ce is applied contingent on the target's behavior, alternated with componen ts in which the consequence is not applied, with no break between component s. The aggressive and disruptive behaviors of four 2- to 11-year-old childr en were analyzed and treated in school and home settings. The RAMS analyses yielded clear results about the reinforcing function of naturally occurrin g consequences in all cases, and the treatments using the reinforcers ident ified in the RAMS were all effective. The possible uses of the RAMS as an e fficient, ecologically and experimentally valid tool for clinical assessmen t are discussed.