The Fc gamma RIa (CD64) ligand binding chain triggers major histocompatibility complex class II antigen presentation independently of its associated FcR gamma-chain

Within multi-subunit Ig receptors, the FcR gamma-chain immuno-receptor tyro sine-based activation motif (ITAM) plays a crucial role in enabling antigen presentation. This process involves antigen-capture and targeting to speci fic degradation and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II loading compartments. Antigenic epitopes are then presented by MHC class II molecu les to specific T cells. The high-affinity receptor for IgG, hFc gamma Rla, is exclusively expressed on myeloid lineage cells and depends on the FcR g amma-chain for surface expression, efficient ligand binding, and most phago cytic effector functions. However, we show in this report, using the IIA1.6 cell model, that hFc gamma Rla can potentiate MHC class II antigen present ation, independently of a functional FcR gamma-chain ITAM. Immunoelectron m icroscopic analyses documented hFc gamma Rla alpha-chain/rabbit IgG-Ovalbum in complexes to be internalized and to migrate via sorting endosomes to MHC class II-containing late endosomes. Radical deletion of the hFc gamma Rla alpha-chain cytoplasmic tail did not affect internalization of rabbit IgG-O valbumin complexes. Importantly, however, this resulted in diversion of rec eptor-ligand complexes to the recycling pathway and decreased antigen prese ntation. These results show the hFc gamma Rla cytoplasmic tail to contain a utonomous targeting information for intracellular trafficking of receptor-a ntigen complexes, although deficient in canonical tyrosine- or dileucine-ta rgeting motifs. This is the first documentation of autonomous targeting by a member of the multichain FcR family that may critically impact the immuno regulatory role proposed for hFc gamma Rla (CD64). (C) 1999 by The American Society of Hematology.