The psychosocial characteristics of alcohol users versus problem users: Data from a study of adolescents at risk

Most previous research has assumed that adolescent alcohol use and problem use represent a continuum and are influenced by the same psychosocial facto rs, with problem use representing more severe psychosocial impairment. The current study evaluated this assumption by identifying the correlates of ad olescent alcohol use and those of problem use. Using a community sample of adolescent children of alcoholics (COAs) and a demographically matched comp arison group (non-COAs), a typology of adolescent alcohol use was created, and alcohol use groups were compared on variables chosen from nine psychoso cial domains. The correlates of problem alcohol use were different from tho se of moderate use. Problem use was associated with fundamental family disr uptions and poor psychological functioning. In contrast, the determinants o f moderate alcohol use reflected unconventionality and socialization specif ic to alcohol. Few psychosocial variables distinguished abstainers from lig ht drinkers. Intervention and methodological implications of these findings are discussed.