An HLA-DRB1*0402 derived peptide (HV3 65-79) prevents collagen-induced arthritis in HLA-DQ8 transgenic mice

On the basis of our studies with HLA class II transgenic mice, we had propo sed that complementation of HLA-DQ and HLA-DR alleles may determine both di sease susceptibility and severity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). According t o our model, certain HLA-DQ alleles, such as HLA-DQ8, predispose individual s to RA, while a self-peptide derived from the third hypervariable region ( HV3 65-79) of HLA-DR alleles, such as DRB1*0402, can protect from disease i f presented by the DQ molecule. To rest this hypothesis, we examined the im munomodulatory effects of the DRB1*0402 derived peptide (HV3 65-79) on coll agen-induced arthritis (CIA) in HLA-DQ8 mice. Go-immunization of the DRB1*0 402 peptide significantly reduced the severity of arthritis (mean score = 1 .5 +/- 0.6 vs 5.2 +/- 1.4 in controls), whereas multiple doses of the pepti de reduced the incidence of disease (3.5% vs 35-60% in controls). Subsequen t analysis revealed that the DRB1*0402 peptide mediated protection may be d ue to the generation of a subset of regulatory cells, which down-regulate c ollagen-specific pro-inflammatory responses. These results provide addition al insights towards understanding the role of MHC class II molecules in RA predisposition. Human Immunology 60, 575-582 (1999). (C) American Society f or Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, 1999. Published by Elsevier Scien ce Inc.