Mt. Hussain et al., Chemistry of isocoumarins. Part-II. Synthesis of 3-propyl-and 3-methylisocoumarins and conversion of the latter to 3-methyl-3,4dihydroisocoumarin, I J HET CHE, 8(4), 1999, pp. 273-276
3-Propyl and 3-methylisocoumarins (3a-b) were synthesized by the condensati
on of homophthalic acid (12) with butyryl and acetyl chlorides (13). Alkali
ne hydrolysis of (3b) gave the keto-acid (14b). 3-Methyl-3,4-dihydroisocoum
arin (17b) was obtained by reduction of the keto-acid (14b) to hydroxy-acid
(16b) followed by cyclodehydration using acetic anhydride.