Rs. Varma et D. Kumar, Solid state oxidation of 1,4-dihydropyridine to pyridines using phenyliodine(III) bis(trifluoroacetate) or elemental sulfur, J CHEM S P1, (12), 1999, pp. 1755-1757
A solventless oxidation of 1,4-dihydropyridines is effected by phenyliodine
(III) bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA) at room temperature or elemental sulfur
under microwave irradiation conditions. Dealkylation at the 4-position in t
he cases of ethyl, isopropyl and benzyl substituted dihydropyridine derivat
ives with PIFA is circumvented by an alternative general procedure using el
emental sulfur which provides pyridines in good yields.