Testing metric equivalence in cross-national strategy research: An empirical test across the United States and Japan

We propose a conceptual and analytical framework for assessing metric equiv alence in cross-national strategy research. We illustrate this framework by testing the equivalence of measurement models for a set of strategy constr ucts across the United States and Japan. Results of a two-group LISREL anal ysis conducted on a data set of 447 interorganizational relationships revea l that some constructs have strong cross-national equivalence, while others need content respecification or reconceptualization. We discuss implicatio ns and offer suggestions about how to conduct empirical strategy research i n cross-national settings. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.