Recent advances in membrane-based separations include chiral separations, n
anofiltration, ion-permselectivity, gas separation and pervaporation. Novel
chiral separations using enzymes and chiral surfactants as carrier have be
en achieved using facilitated-transport membranes. Graft-copolymeric membra
nes have been constructed that possess pH-controlled ion selectivity, and m
embranes have been made from gold nanotubules that exhibit electrochemicall
y controlled permselectivity.