Extinction risk in the sea

Jean Baptiste de Lamarck and Thomas Huxley, two of the foremost thinkers of the 18th and 19th centuries, believed that humanity could not cause the ex tinction of marine species. Their opinions reflected a widespread belief th at the seas were an inexhaustible source of food and wealth of which people could barely use a fraction. Such views were given weight by the abundant fisheries of the time. Additionally, the incredible fecundity and wide dist ributions of marine fishes, combined with limited exploitation, provided am ple justification for optimism. The ideas of Huxley and Lamarck persist to this day, despite a sea change in the scale and depth of our influence on t he oceans. Marine species could be at a far greater risk of extinction than we have assumed.