Zz. Zhang et al., Friction and wear characteristics of ceramic particle filled polytetrafluoroethylene composites under oil-lubricated conditions, J APPL POLY, 73(13), 1999, pp. 2611-2619
Five kinds of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based composites were prepared
: PTFE, PTFE + 30 vol % SiC, PTFE + 30 vol % Si3N4, PTFE + 30 vol % BN, and
PTFE + 30 vol % B2O3. The friction and wear properties of these ceramic pa
rticle filled PTFE composites sliding against GCr15 bearing steel under bot
h dry and Liquid paraffin lubricated conditions were studied by using an MH
K-500 ring-block wear tester. The worn surfaces and the transfer films form
ed on the surface of the GCr15 bearing steel of these PTFE composites were
investigated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an optical m
icroscope, respectively. The experimental results show that the ceramic par
ticles of SiC, Si3N4, BN, and B2O3 can greatly reduce the wear of the PTFE
composites; the wear-reducing action of Si3N4 is the most effective, that o
f SiC is the next most effective, then the BN, and that of B2O3 is the wors
t. We found that B2O3 reduces the friction coefficient of the PTFE composit
e but SiC, Si3N4, and BN increase the friction coefficients of the PTFE com
posites. However, the friction and wear properties of the ceramic particle
filled PTFE composites can be greatly improved by lubrication with liquid p
araffin, and the friction coefficients of the PTFE composites can be decrea
sed by 1 order of magnitude. Under lubrication of liquid paraffin the frict
ion coefficients of these ceramic particle filled PTFE composites decrease
with an increase of load, but the wear of the PTFE composites increases wit
h a load increase. The variations of the friction coefficients with load fo
r these ceramic particle filled PTFE composites under lubrication of Liquid
paraffin can be properly described by the relationship between the frictio
n coefficient (mu) and the simplified Sommerfeld variable NIP as given here
. The investigations of the frictional surfaces show that the ceramic parti
cles SiC, Si3N4, BN, and B2O3 enhance the adhesion of the transfer films of
the PTFE composites to the surface of GCr15 bearing steel, so they greatly
reduce the wear of the PTFE composites. However, the transfer of the PTFE
composites onto the surface of the GCr15 bearing steel can be greatly reduc
ed by lubrication with liquid paraffin, but the transfer still takes place.
Meanwhile, the interactions between the liquid paraffin and the PTFE compo
sites, especially the absorption of Liquid paraffin into the surface layers
of the PTFE composites, create some cracks on the worn surfaces of the cer
amic particle filled PTFE composites; the creation and development of these
cracks reduces the load-supporting capacity of the PTFE composites. This l
eads to the deterioration of the friction and wear properties of the PTFE c
omposites under higher loads in Liquid paraffin lubrication. (C) 1999 John
Wiley & Sons, Inc.