Automated batch characterization of polymer solutions by static light scattering and viscometry

Using a programmable mixing pump, light scattering flow chamber, refractive index detector, and single capillary viscometer, the batch (unfractionated ) characterization of polymers in solution has been automated. Three differ ent schemes to produce polymer concentration gradients were used, and value s for weight average mass M-w, root mean square radius of gyration [S-2](1/ 2), second virial coefficient A(2), and intrinsic viscosity [eta] were dete rmined for a broad distribution sample of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and a narrow fraction of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). High concentration experi ments on the PVP also allowed determination of the third virial coefficient A(3). The method has several advantages over traditional manual methods in terms of accuracy, sample preparation, and amount of labor required. (C) 1 999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.