Composure at any cost? The cognitive consequences of emotion suppression

We frequently try to appear less emotional than we really are, such as when we are angry with our spouse at a dinner party, disgusted by a boss's sexi st comments during a meeting; or amused by a friend's embarrassing faux pas in public. Attempts at emotion suppression doubtless have social benefits. However, suppression may do more than change how we look: It also may chan ge how we think. Two studies tested the hypothesis that emotion suppression has cognitive consequences. Study 1 showed that suppression impaired incid ental memory for information presented during the suppression period. Study 2 replicated this finding and further showed that suppression increased ca rdiovascular activation. Mediational analyses indicated that physiological and cognitive effects were independent. Overall, findings suggest that emot ion suppression is a cognitively demanding form of self-regulation.