New radiometric methods and instruments for composition monitoring

Descriptions are given of previously unknown relationships of the forward-s cattered gamma intensity to the density, thickness, and composition; a new approach is given to increasing the accuracy in product quality monitoring by reducing the effects of fluctuations in density, thickness, and water co ntent without using special flow shapers for drying (to reduce the water co ntent fluctuations). New methods and means of increasing the accuracy are a vailable from the simultaneous recording of several fluxes (recording the t ransmitted and back-scattered gamma rays with a single detector; recording the transmitted and forward-scattered gamma rays with a single detector; re cording the forward and back-scattered gamma rays with a single detector; a nd recording the transmitted,forward-scattered, and back-scattered gamma ra ys with a single detector).