Women drivers' behaviour, socio-demographic characteristics and accidents

The purpose of this study was to examine factors which affect driving behav iour and accident rates in women in Australia. Two groups of women (aged 18 -23 and 45-50 years) participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, completed a mailed questionnaire on driver behaviour and ro ad accidents. Self reported accident rates in the last 3 years were 1.87 pe r 100 000 km for the young drivers (n = 1199) and 0.59 per 100 000 km for t he mid-age drivers (n = 1564); most accidents involved damage only, not inj ury. Mean scores for lapses obtained using the Driver Behaviour Questionnai re, were similar in the two age groups and similar to those found in other studies. In contrast, scores for errors and violations for the young women were higher than for the mid-age group and previous reports using the same instruments. Riskier driving behaviour among young women was associated wit h stress and habitual alcohol consumption. In the mid-age group, poorer dri ver behaviour scores were related to higher levels of education, feeling ru shed, higher habitual alcohol consumption and lower life satisfaction score s. Accident rates in both groups were significantly related to lapses. Wome n born in non-English speaking countries had significantly higher risk of a ccidents compared to Australian-born women: relative risk = 3.40, 95% confi dence interval (1.93, 5.98) for the young drivers; relative risk = 1.77, 95 % confidence interval (1.11, 2.83) for mid-age drivers. These findings supp ort the need for road safety campaigns targeted at young women to reduce da ngerous driving practices, such as speeding,'tail gating' and overtaking on the inside. There is also a need for further research to understand how li festyle characteristics are associated with higher risk of accidents and to explore factors which might account for the higher risk for women drivers who were born overseas. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.