Surface texturing and coating of biomaterial implants: Effects on tissue integration and fibrosis

To determine whether texturing and coating have additive effects in promoti ng tissue integration and inhibiting fibrosis, we evaluated smooth silicone rubber (SSR), textured silicone rubber (TSR), porous silicone rubber (PSR) , expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), and porous polyurethane (PPU) s ubcutaneous implants in eight minipigs. Some of the implants were coated wi th type IV collagen (Col) and/or fibronectin (Fn). At 6 months, we removed the implants and examined them microscopically. Texturing was more importan t than Col and Fn in reducing fibrosis and inflammation. The PSR yielded th e best response, including reduced fibrosis and inflammation, satisfactory adherence, and no dystrophic mineralization.