Delayed restoration of epidermal barrier function after suction blister injury in patients with diabetes mellitus

Aims Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for compromised wound healing. The present study examines the restoration of the epidermal barrier function us ing the suction blister wound model. Methods The healing process was evaluated over time by measuring water evap oration (WE) and blood flow (BF) in the wound area. Seventeen Type 1 diabet ic males and 11 non-diabetic control males were studied. Results At the onset, the WE of diabetic patients was 116 +/- 11 g.m(-2).h( -1) and that of controls 95 +/- 13 g.m(-2).h(-1) (P < 0.001). On the second day, the WE of diabetic patients was 90 +/- 21 g.m(-2).h(-1) and that of c ontrols 60 +/-:24 g.m(-2).h(-1) (P < 0.02). The most profound difference wa s encountered during the fourth day, when the WE of diabetic patients was 4 0 +/- 17 g.m(-2).h(-1) and that of controls 14 +/- 8 g.m(-2).h(-1) (P < 0.0 01). The value recorded on the fourth day was 37% of the onset value in dia betic patients and 16% in controls (P < 0.001). Eight days after wounding t he values were close to that of normal skin in both diabetic and control su bjects. At the onset, the BF was 93 +/- 20 (arbitrary units) in diabetic me n and 112 +/- 18 in controls (P = 0.02). On the second, fourth and eighth d ay there was no significant differences. Conclusions The results suggest that restoration of the epidermal barrier f unction is delayed in the patients with diabetes. There were also a trend t oward an initially weaker inflammatory response.