Neuronal regulation appears to be vulnerable to cytokines of the immune sys
tem. Environmental microbial factors can stimulate the production of such c
ytokines. The type of cytokine, elaborated in the course of acute and chron
ic infections, depends on the individual immunogenetic disposition. Example
s of immune reponses will be discussed that can lead to a polarized overpro
duction of some cytokines in dependance of the immunogenetic disposition.