First step: The idea

It is a fact that without ideas there is nothing. Without ideas and without innovations there is nothing to test. An interesting, often asked question is: How are ideas, innovations born? It is surely correct that people givi ng birth to ideas have special characteristics. These creative people are d ifferent but still have many, maybe essential, characteristics in common. T hey are open-minded. Abnormality is interesting for them. They are highly e motional, passionate. They are intelligent and naive at the same time. They are often like children but they also are determined and enjoy their lives . It is a fact that an idea, once born, does not always attain fruition; pl ate, time, social environment, and society have to fit. The domain has to b e prepared for it. The hue pioneer is the one who has seen the beginning to a certain degree but also brings the new idea to the public, places it on the agenda, accompanies it with positive skepticism, and most of all carrie s it over the ''finishing line." Giving birth to an idea is an important st ep. Testing the idea regarding its effectivity is a necessity, Since Decart es, in our Western way of thinking, ne have a systematic methodic procedure , The idea is expressed in a hypothesis. Here the hypothesis is: ''Endoscop ic surgery supplies more comfort and means less trauma at the same or great er safety." This is the idea, the dream, the hypothesis. In concrete terms it means less pestering, less pain, less fatigue, and in general a quicker return to daily life during the pre and postoperative course, Less trauma m eans less stress response of the body; these are the true endpoints. In the long run, endoscopic surgery means-this being the unproved prerequisite-ph ysical integrity, less immunosuppression, and last but not least considerat ion of the abdominal wall (in concrete terms, fewer incisional hernias). Th us the relevant endpoints have been formulated by the concrete terms of the hypothesis. This makes clear that comfort relates to-and this is for the f irst time-"soft" data. This is the true revolution. For me this is a true c hange of paradigm. Here a few important problems become evident. In the fir st place, a solution must be found-with the intention of reality and coolne ss-for the problem of comparing "soft" and "hard" data. With this problem i t must be clear that subjective endpoints strongly depend on social and cul tural circumstances and are probably influenced more by these factors than by the endoscopic surgery itself. The placebo effect must also be considere d, Up to 50% of the subjective endpoints are due to the placebo effect, esp ecially with surgery. For example, pain and return to work depend heavily o n socioeconomic aspects and the placebo effect, In summary, the first step is the idea; the second step is testing the idea for effectiveness. Endosco pic surgery as a patient-friendly treatment is the idea, the hypothesis. Th is hypothesis must be tested according to our present standard of methodolo gy. In addition to the "conventional" endpoints (negative events), the comf ort of the patient is the true endpoint of patient-friendly surgery-endosco pic surgery.