M. Bessonart et al., Effect of dietary arachidonic acid levels on growth and survival of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) larvae, AQUACULTURE, 179(1-4), 1999, pp. 265-275
In order to determine the effect of different levels of arachidonic acid (A
A) in microdiets on growth and survival of gilthead seabream larvae, two ex
periments were carried out. In the first experiment, 17-day old larvae were
fed microdiets for 14 days. In this trial, we tested four diets with a sim
ilar docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio and AA in
the range of 0.1%-1.8% dry weight (d.w.) and a fifth diet with 1.0% d.w. o
f AA and a different DHA/EPA ratio. In the second experiment, 16-day old la
rvae were fed for 21 days on two microdiets with levels of 0.1% and 1.0% d.
w. AA. All diets in the two experiments had the same total n - 3 HUFA level
. Growth was measured by total length and dry body weight of larvae. Larval
lipids were extracted and fatty acid compositions of total neutral lipid (
NL) and total polar lipid (PL) fractions were determined by gas chromatogra
phy. In the first experiment, the diet containing 1.8% d.w. of AA showed th
e best survival (P < 0.05) but did not improve growth rate. In the second e
xperiment, an increase in the AA dietary level from 0.1% to 1.0% d.w. signi
ficantly improved (P < 0.05) larval growth. EPA accumulation in the PLs of
the larvae was negatively affected by the inclusion of dietary AA. When wor
king with a fixed dietary n - 3 HUFA level (2.2% d.w.), the effect of dieta
ry AA on larval growth was masked by that of the dietary DHA/EPA ratio. How
ever, when DHA/EPA ratio in diet was unchanged (similar to 1.8), it was pos
sible to improve larval growth by supplementing the diet with 1.0 d.w. of A
A. The negative effect produced by the increment of dietary PLA on the EPA
incorporation into the larval PLs may be related to a competition interacti
on. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.