Following hind leg intramuscular injections of ketamine, xylazine, and acep
romazine, 4 of 6 rabbits exhibited self-mutilation of the digits. At necrop
sy, the affected sciatic nerve appeared enlarged. Lymphohistiocytic perineu
ral inflammation and fibrosis were observed, together with nerve degenerati
on. Neuronal regeneration as the reason for self-mutilation is discussed.