Asymmetric catalysis on solids

The processing advantages associated with heterogeneous catalysis have led to the development of many new chiral heterogeneous catalysts for a variety of important asymmetric reactions. Established systems, such as chirally m odified metals, have been further developed, while new strategies for the c reation of chiral polymer catalysts and oxide systems, such as zeolites con taining chelate complexes, are being explored. Important issues, such as si te isolation, stability against leaching, and mass transfer to the active s ites, have been addressed. Advances have been made in chiral zeolite framew orks and porous hybrid solids, chiral modifiers in porous hosts, asymmetric catalysts occluded in membranes and dissolved in supported liquid films, a nd modular chelate complexes on polymer beads.