Stress experienced by mothers of Malaysian children with mental retardation

Objective: To compare parenting stress among Malaysian mothers of children with mental retardation and a control group, and to determine factors assoc iated with stress. Methodology: Seventy-five mothers of children with mental retardation aged 4-12 years and 75 controls (those without disabilities who attended the wal k-in paediatric clinic) participated in the Parenting Stress Index (PSI). I ntelligence quotient (IQ) and Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) scores, toge ther with sociodemographic data, were entered into a multiple stepwise regr ession analysis, using the PSI as the criterion. Results: Mothers of children with mental retardation scored significantly h igher than control subjects in both the child-related domain (difference be tween means 26.1, 95% confidence interval 19.6-32.5) and parent-related dom ain (difference between means 15.0, 95% confidence interval 7.9-22.1) of th e PSI. The total child behaviour scores from the CBCL (P < 0.01), IQ scores (P < 0.01) and sibship size (P < 0.01) were associated with child-related domain scores. For the parent-related domain, CBCL (P < 0.01) and IQ scores (P = 0.01) remained important factors but Chinese ethnicity (P < 0.01) and maternal unemployment (P < 0.01) were also significant predictors of stres s. Conclusion: A large proportion of mothers of children with mental retardati on experienced substantial parenting stress, especially Chinese and unemplo yed mothers, and this warrants appropriate intervention.