Nuclear emergency preparedness in Germany - an introduction - Part II: off-site emergency management

Because bf the federal structure of Germany, both the Federal States (Lande r) and the Federation (Bund) are involved in the task of off-site emergency management. The States are responsible for the disaster control, which inc ludes measures that prevent acute radiation damage and reduce the risk as t he result of high doses, mainly in the near vicinity of nuclear facilities. The Federation is responsible for radiation precaution measures that reduc e collective risk. The States have site-related Remote Monitoring Systems f or Nuclear Power Plants (KFU) (within similar to 25 km), whereas the Federa tion has a nationwide Integrated Measurement and Information System (IMIS). In the event of an accident, the State and Federal Authorities make their decisions and implement the corresponding emergency measures within their d omains of task and responsibility. At the same time, there is an exchange o f information and coordination of measures between both levels. The States are responsible for the performance of disaster control exercises and the F ederation is responsible for precautionary exercises.