Ug. Gerdtham et al., The impact of internal markets on health care efficiency: evidence from health care reforms in Sweden, APPL ECON, 31(8), 1999, pp. 935-945
A purchaser/provider split together with output-based reimbursement were re
cently introduced by several Swedish county councils. These changes have be
en motivated by arguments of efficiency and consumer choice. This paper tes
ts the null hypothesis that hospital services are provided as efficiently b
y county councils with internal markets and output-based reimbursement as b
y county councils with budget reimbursement. We first estimate technical ef
ficiency using data envelopment analysis and then we regress the efficiency
scores as the dependent variable on new internal organizations in a multip
le regression by use of pooled cross-section data for the 26 county council
s for two years (1993 and 1994). The results reject our null hypothesis and
we conclude that the organizational changes in the county councils improve
health care efficiency. Our results further indicate that the potential sa
vings in costs due to a hypothetical switch from budget based allocation to
an output based allocation is about 13%. We also found some evidence indic
ating that county councils with a nonsocialist political majority are relat
ively more efficient than those with a socialist regime and that large coun
ty councils are more efficient than small county councils.