Electrochemical growth of copper single crystals in pores of polymer ion-track membranes

Copper single-crystals are grown by a galvanic method, using etched ion tra cks in a polymer foil as templates. The copper deposition is carried out by reversible pulse electrolysis in an ultrasonic field. The method applied f or this purpose permits fabrication of stable standing cylindrical single c rystals with diameters in the nanometer and micrometer range with high aspe ct ratio and density of 10(5)-10(7) per cm(2) on a large area. The experime ntal results obtained in this way are compared with the results obtained by direct current plating under ultrasonic treatment and sole reversible elec trolysis. The effects of all these deposition processes on the structure of copper claddings are shown.