OBSERVATION OF ATOM AND ION CLOUDS PRODUCED FROM SINGLE DROPLETS OF SAMPLE IN INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMAS BY OPTICAL-EMISSION AND LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE IMAGING

An instrument to obtain optical emission and laser-induced fluorescenc e images of atom or ion clouds, each produced from isolated, monodispe rse droplets of sample in an inductively coupled plasma, is described. An excimer laser pumped dye laser is used to produce a large (28-mm x 24-mm) beam for saturated fluorescence from atoms or ions throughout a large portion of the ICP. An intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD ) detects optical emission or laser induced fluorescence snapshot imag es at the focal plane of an aberration-corrected slitless spectrograph . Images produced from a single laser pulse can be detected. Double-ex posure emission images with 1-mu s gate times can be acquired to monit or the movement of atom or ion clouds produced from a single droplet o f sample solution. Variations in the number of atoms or ions produced as a function of time (or height) in the plasma can be monitored. Exci tation in the plasma can be assessed from ratios of emission to fluore scence intensities.