Findings from reviews of outcome studies indicate that therapy is effective
with older adults. The contextual, cohort-based, maturity, specific-challe
nge model (CCMSC) is used to organize an overview of findings from scientif
ic gerontology. These findings suggest that some adaptations are needed whe
n working with older adults, but that these changes are more often due to c
ohort-differences, context effects, and presenting problems rather than to
the age of the client. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.