Purpose: We evaluated urinary transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1
) concentration in children with upper urinary tract obstruction as a poten
tial tool for supporting the diagnosis of clinically significant obstructio
n.
Materials and Methods: Renal pelvic and bladder urine samples were obtained
for analysis. From 30 patients a median of 5 months old who underwent surg
ery for obstruction at the ureteropelvic (29) and ureterovesical (1) juncti
ons. Urinary TGF-beta 1 concentration was measured using a quantitative san
dwich enzyme-linked immunoassay technique. Bladder urine TGF-beta 1 in pati
ents with obstruction was compared with that in controls. In addition, we c
ompared renal pelvic and bladder urine TGF-beta 1 in patients with obstruct
ion.
Results: Mean bladder urine TGF-beta 1 plus or minus standard error of mean
was 4-fold higher in patients with upper tract obstruction than in control
s (195 +/- 29 versus 47 +/- 7 pg./mg. creatinine, p <0.001). In the obstruc
ted group mean TGF-beta 1 in the renal pelvic urine was 378 +/- 86 pg./mg.
creatinine, or twice that of the bladder urine (p = 0.02).
Conclusions: Bladder urine TGF-beta 1 in patients with upper urinary tract
obstruction is significantly elevated compared with that in controls. To ou
r knowledge our study is the first to identify a bladder urinary marker tha
t correlates with upper urinary tract obstruction with greater than 90% sen
sitivity. Measuring TGF-beta 1 in a voided bladder urine sample may provide
an objective and noninvasive test for assisting in the diagnosis of upper
urinary tract obstruction.