Purpose: We review the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in urology, and pre
sent the mechanisms of hyperoxia action in whole body hyperbaric chamber tr
eatments, patient outcomes and patient selection criteria.
Materials and Methods: The literature on hyperbaric oxygen use in urology w
as reviewed.
Results: Hyperbaric oxygen is a treatment alternative for patients with an
underlying ischemic process unresponsive to conventional therapy. Specific
factors which may influence patient selection of hyperbaric oxygen include
cancer and absolute contraindications of active viral disease, intercurrent
pneumothorax and treatment with doxorubicin or cisplatin. This technique i
s particularly useful in the treatment of intractable hemorrhagic cystitis
secondary to pelvic radiation therapy. Further investigation of the efficac
y of hyperbaric oxygen is warranted for patients with necrotizing fasciitis
(Fournier's gangrene), posttraumatic ischemic injury and/or impaired wound
healing.
Conclusions: Hyperbaric oxygen is a therapeutic alternative which complemen
ts the surgical and medical options for select patients.