As a result of Kansas v Hendricks, many sex offenders in the U.S. are likel
y to be civilly committed to mental institutions for indefinite periods, an
d many others with histories of violent offenses may also be so committed.
It therefore becomes critical for mental health professionals to understand
the risk factors for re-offending that put the public in jeopardy. The mos
t reliable of these factors is psychopathy, which will here be defined, alo
ng with its differentiation from the more commonly diagnosed antisocial per
sonality disorder. The assessment of psychopathy, its relationship to crime
-especially, to violent crime, its (non-) responsiveness to the usual treat
ment, and an outline of a potentially more effective one, are presented. Fi
nally, and particularly in view of its widely accepted validity, the potent
ial for abuse of the PCL-R and :SV are noted.