Declarative and procedural memory in bipolar disorder

Background: Memory function is an important but under researched area for n europsychological investigation in persons with bipolar disorder. Previous studies have reported cognitive deficits on tasks;of declarative memory in bipolar patients in the euthymic state. Methods: This study extended these findings by investigating declarative as well as procedural learning and memory in bipolar patients (with and witho ut alcohol abuse) who were examined in the euthymic state. The California V erbal Learning Test, Star Mirror Tracing Task, Pursuit Rotor Task, American National Adult Reading Test, and the Vocabulary Subtest of the WAIS-R, wer e administered to bipolar patients and control subjects by researchers who were blind to the subject's group. Results: Bipolar patients performed worse than control subjects on a measur e of declarative memory (California Verbal Learning Test) but did not diffe r from the performance of control subjects on either of the two procedural learning tasks (Pursuit Rotor Task and Star Mirror Task). Conclusions: These results suggest disturbed function of temporal lobe, but not basal ganglia, structures in persons with bipolar disorder. Biol Psych iatry 1999;46:525-531 (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry.