Assessment of the horizontal, fore-aft component of the ground reaction force from insole pressure patterns by using artificial neural networks

Objective. In this study it was investigated whether an artificial neural n etwork can be used to determine the horizontal, fore-aft component of the g round reaction force from insole pressure patterns. Design. An artificial neural network was applied to map insole pressures an d ground reaction forces. Method, To train an artificial neural network insole pressure patterns and ground reaction force data were simultaneously determined for a wide range of different speeds (0.9-2.3 m s(-1)) for five subjects. Both intrasubject and intersubject generalizability were evaluated. Results. At the intrasubject level generalizability was good when the speed for which the force was to be predicted was within the range of speeds fro m which data were used to train the network. Besides in some cases, general izability to a condition outside the range of training conditions could be demonstrated. At the intersubject level the quality of generalization diffe red widely over subjects, from poor to good. Conclusions. It was found that an artificial neural network is able to map the relationship between insole pressure patterns and the fore-aft componen t of the ground reaction force.