Ca. Chen et al., Serum vascular endothelial growth factor in epithelial ovarian neoplasms: Correlation with patient survival, GYNECOL ONC, 74(2), 1999, pp. 235-240
Objective. To investigate the relationship between serum vascular endotheli
al growth factor (VEGF) and clinicopathological factors and to determine wh
ether VEGF is an independent prognostic factor of ovarian cancer patients.
Methods. Fifty-six women with International Federation of Gynecology and Ob
stetrics stages I to IV epithelial ovarian cancer undergoing surgery were e
nrolled. Clinical and pathologic items were recorded. Pretreatment VEGF ser
um samples of the 56 women were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay. The results were correlated to clinical data. The histopathologic it
ems and serum VEGF influencing clinical outcome were evaluated comparativel
y.
Results. The median VEGF serum level in ovarian cancer patients was 458.7 p
g/mL. The 75% quatile was defined as the cutoff level. Elevated vascular en
dothelial growth factor serum levels before therapy correlated significantl
y with poorer disease-free survival (DFS) (log rank test, P = 0.001) and ov
erall survival (OS) (log rank test, P < 0.001) on all of the 56 patients. B
esides, significantly reduced DFS (log rank test, P = 0.001) and OR (log ra
nk test, P = 0.006) were also observed on 40 patients with residual disease
less than 2 cm. High histologic grade (RR = 2.24 for DFS; RR = 2.38 for OS
) and elevated serum VEGF levels (RR = 3.34 for DFS; RR = 4.47 for OS) are
the prognostic factors on the 56 ovarian carcinoma patients by multivariate
analyses. The advanced surgical staging (RR = 3.28 for DFS; RR = 3.84 for
OS), high histologic grade (RR = 2.55 for DFS; RR = 2.44 for OS), and eleva
ted serum VEGF levels (RR = 5.62 for DFS; RR = 5.37 for OS) are the prognos
tic factors for 40 ovarian carcinoma patients with residual disease less th
an 2 cm by multivariate analyses.
Conclusions. Pretreatment VEGF serum levels might be regarded as an additio
nal factor in predicting the outcome of ovarian cancer patients. It also co
uld provide prognostic information in clinically relevant subsets, such as
those of residual disease less than 2 cm. Anti-angiogenic therapy, if is av
ailable, might be a new treatment modality for ovarian cancer patients with
poor prognosis predicted by VEGF and other clinical parameters. (C) 1999 A
cademic Press.