Effect of a sonographically diffusely enlarged uterus without distinct uterine masses on the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer

Purpose: Our objective was to study the effect of a sonographically diffuse ly enlarged uterus without distinct uterine masses on the outcome of in vit ro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods: Nineteen primary infertility patients undergoing IVF-ET who had a sonographically diffusely enlarged uterus without distinct uterine masses w ere enrolled. An age-controlled group of 144 primary infertility patients u ndergoing IVF-ET with a normal uterus and no history of uterine surgery was included. Results: The age, day 3 follicle stimulating hormone, antral follicle count , ovarian response, endometrial thickness, number of retrieved and fertiliz ed oocytes, number of transferred embryos, clinical pregnancy rate, and tot al delivery rate were not statistically different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Patients with a sonographically diffused enlarged uterus without distinct uterine masses had a higher spontaneous abortion rate (66.7%) than controls (P < 0.04; odds ratio = 7.5;95% confidence interval, 1.16-48.56). Conclusions: A high spontaneous abortion rate was found in patients with a sonographically diffusely enlarged uterus without distinct uterine masses u ndergoing IVF-ET Enhanced luteal support was required.