Chemical uptake into human stratum corneum in vivo from volatile and non-volatile solvents

Citation
Al. Stinchcomb et al., Chemical uptake into human stratum corneum in vivo from volatile and non-volatile solvents, PHARM RES, 16(8), 1999, pp. 1288-1293
Citations number
20
Categorie Soggetti
Pharmacology & Toxicology
Journal title
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
ISSN journal
07248741 → ACNP
Volume
16
Issue
8
Year of publication
1999
Pages
1288 - 1293
Database
ISI
SICI code
0724-8741(199908)16:8<1288:CUIHSC>2.0.ZU;2-9
Abstract
Purpose. Simple, safe and quick in vivo methods for estimating chemical upt ake into the stratum corneum (SC) from volatile and non-volatile solvents a re invaluable to health risk assessors. This study compares the human in vi vo SC uptake of a model compound (4-cyanophenol) from water and acetone usi ng quantitative attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (AT R-FTIR) spectroscopy. Methods. Small areas on the ventral forearms of human volunteers were treat ed with 4-cyanophenol (CP) dissolved either in water or acetone. After the skin was cleansed of remaining surface CP, SC samples were taken by a stand ard tape-stripping method. CP concentration profiles across the SC were qua ntitated by direct measurement of the permeant on the individual tape-strip s using ATR-FTIR. Results. Increasing the duration of exposure to CP aqueous solutions result ed in increasing CP uptake into the SC; the kinetics of uptake correlated w ell with predictive diffusion equations. Increasing the 'dose' of CP in ace tone also resulted in increasing uptake into the SC, but uptake eventually plateaued at a maximum level. The amount of CP taken up into the SC from ac etone was 2 to 8-fold greater than that from water following similar short- time exposures. Conclusions. These safe, simple experimental methods provide practical and predictive assessments of chemical uptake into human SC in vivo.