This article begins with a discussion of the types of cancer that are most
often the target of cancer screening in general medical practice. Colorecta
l, prostate, cervical, and breast cancer screening guidelines are reviewed
and some of the evidence (and controversy) behind these recommendations is
discussed. A discussion of some of the special risks for cancer in patients
with rheumatologic disease follows, and some modifications of standard scr
eening guidelines are suggested for these high-risk patients.