Rcn. Melo, Depletion of immune effector cells induces myocardial damage in the acute experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection: ultrastructural study in rats, TISSUE CELL, 31(3), 1999, pp. 281-290
The contribution of radiosensitive cells and macrophages to myocardial immu
nopathology has been studied in rats inoculated with Trypanosoma cruzi, Y s
train. Immunodepression was induced by gamma irradiation and depletion of r
adioresistant macrophages was achieved by silica, a selective cytotoxic age
nt for macrophages. Irradiated or silica treated rats and age-matched contr
ols were sacrificed at day 12 of infection so as to study the heart by ligh
t and electron microscopy. In the infected controls, damaged cardiomyocytes
were directly related to tissue parasitism; inflammatory cells, predominan
tly lymphocytes and macrophages, were present. The drastic depletion of rad
iosensitive cells (lymphocytes and granulocytes), as well as the depletion
of macrophages by silica, induced cardiomyocytes damage during the acute in
fection, exacerbating the lesions seen in the infected controls. In the irr
adiated-infected and silica treated-infected animals, degenerating cardiomy
ocytes, parasitized or not, were frequently observed, displaying evident si
gns of cytoplasmic and nuclear damage. Some signs of cardiomyocyte damage (
irregular distribution of glycogen particles and myofibrils with shrinkage
and aggregation of Z bands) were present only in silica treated-infected an
imals, The findings suggest that immune effector cells may not play a major
role in the cardiomyocyte damage induced by acute Chagas disease, arguing
against the autoimmune etiology of Chagasic cardiomyopathy.