Influence of droplets with net charge in inductively coupled plasma atomicemission spectroscopy and implications for the easily ionizable element chemical matrix effect

In the generation of an aerosol by pneumatic nebulization, concurrent with the production of a distribution of droplet sizes is a second distribution of net charge on the droplets. The influence that the droplets with net cha rge exert, spatially, on Ca(II) emission in the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) has been examined in the absence and presence of NaCl, an easily ioni zed element chemical matrix. Tertiary aerosol droplet size distributions we re also measured. A mesh positioned in the spray chamber was used to establ ish an electric field between it and the grounded solution being nebulized. A 200 V de potential applied to the mesh discriminated against the transpo rt of droplets with net charge to the plasma. For samples that contained 10 0 mM NaCl, the full width at half-maximum of the Ca(II) emission profile vi ewed at 10 mm above the load coil was significantly reduced with 200 V appl ied to the mesh. The source of off-axis analyte emission enhancement low in the plasma in the presence of a NaCl matrix has been attributed to desolva tion of the droplets with net charge beyond the coulomb fission limit, caus ing progeny droplets to be created within the aerosol. Droplets with net ch arge comprise similar to 50% of the aerosols studied in this work, and thes e droplets do have a role in determining the analyte emission profiles in t he inductively coupled plasma.