The electrochemical thermodynamics for chemical reactions in dispersed cells

There is a large specific surface area in a dispersed cell, so much so that there are some notable differences in thermodynamic quantities for a chemi cal reaction in the cell because of the strong surface effect. The thermody namic relations between the electromotive force (emf) and the dispersity of a cell and between each of thermodynamic properties and the dispersivity o f the cell are derived, and the effects of degree of dispersion of substanc es in the cell on the emf and the thermodynamic properties are discussed. T he results show that the emf, the equilibrium constant, the: entropy for re action, the heat of reaction, and the enthalpy of reaction vary with the di spersivities of the reactants or/and the products in the cell. And two new concepts, surface emf and dispersion cell, are put forward in this paper. ( C) 1999 Academic Press.