A canarypox vector expressing cytomegalovirus (CMV) glycoprotein B primes for antibody responses to a live attenuated CMV vaccine (Towne)

To develop a vaccine against cytomegalovirus (CMV), a canarypox virus (ALVA C) expressing CMV glycoprotein (gB) was evaluated alone or in combination w ith a live, attenuated CMV vaccine (Towne), Three doses of 10(6.5) TCID50 o f ALVAC-CMV(gB) induced very low neutralizing or ELISA antibodies in most s eronegative adults. However, to determine whether ALVAC-CMV(gB) could prime for antibody responses, 20 seronegative adults randomly received either 10 (6.8) TCID50 of ALVAC-CMV(gB) or 10(6.8) TCID50 of ALVAC-RG, expressing the rabies glycoprotein, administered at 0 and 1 month, with all subjects rece iving a dose of 10(3.5) pfu of the Towne vaccine at 90 days. For subjects p rimed with ALVAC-CMV(gB), neutralizing titers and ELISA antibodies to CMV(g B) developed sooner, were much higher, and persisted longer than for subjec ts primed with ALVAC-RG. All vaccines were well tolerated. These results de monstrate that ALVAC-CMV(gB) primes the immune system and suggest a combine d-vaccine strategy to induce potentially protective levels of neutralizing antibodies.