An investigation of the operative reaction mechanisms in Lewis acid-catalyz
ed acyl halide-aldehyde cyclocondensations is presented. Aluminum-based cat
alysts promote cyclocondensation via a ketene-dependent reaction pathway wh
ile acyl halide enolates are implicated as reactive intermediates in Ti(IV)
-catalyzed reactions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.