The aim of the current study was to develop a method for simultaneously ass
essing central and peripheral photoreceptor alignment in vivo in animal mod
els. The stimulus apparatus consisted of nine light-emitting diodes (LED) p
ositioned 7.5 degrees apart around an arc. The stimulus was viewed through
a pinhole imaged into the entrance pupil of the eye using a telecentric len
s system. Photodiodes placed over an array of the VERIS imaging system stim
ulated the electroretinogram. Data were obtained by positioning the pinhole
at 0.25-mm intervals across the pupil and recording (Volk Optical, Mentor,
OH, USA) at each location. Orientation assessed in normal chickens demonst
rates that photoreceptors orientate towards a locus near the centre of the
pupil and that there is a systematic change in peak location with eccentric
ity. This technique provides a valuable method for determining photorecepto
r orientation properties in vivo and can be applied to animal models of pat
hology.